By the end of the 1850s, Chinese immigrants made up one-fifth of the ... Only a few Chinese women came to the U.S. before 1880, but many of those who did served as prostitutes for people like ...

This act suspended the immigration of Chinese laborers for ten years ... By 1870 some 2,000 Chinese laundries were in the trade growing to 7,500 in 1880. Merchants and peddlers provided fresh fruits, ...

Ethnoburbs — ethnic suburban enclaves — challenge assimilation and represent a form of resistance against the homogenizing ...

analyzed 200,000 congressional speeches and 5,000 presidential communications on immigration since 1880, when a wave of ...