When a single-engined aeroplane turns to the left, the nose tends to dip; when the turn is to the right, the gyroscopic effect tends to raise the nose. When a twin-engined plane, with propellers ...

Like the optical gyroscopes that appeared before it, this gyroscope leveraged the Sagnac effect, a principle first demonstrated in 1913 by French physicist Georges Sagnac. The Sagnac effect occurs ...